The New Era of Management by Committee

"Management by Committee" has a lousy image.  It connotes trying to herd cats - convincing one person, than another, than another - only to have to re-convince the first person later because they caucused with the other side while you were lobbying everyone else.  That process is time consuming, fraught with risk, and often hard to really get at what people want. In Washington D.C. where Congress is the best example of Management by Committee the process often turns into something more about power and politics than about solving the problem at hand. It has a lot of negative side affects - it is time consuming, concentrates power in the hands of a few by necessity, lends itself to bargaining, and is very opaque.  This is not how we want to manage our corporations - and it's probably not really how we want to manage government either but it is, or has been, the only way to democratically run government so we put up with it. 

Social software changes this paradigm:

• All conversations and buy-in from individuals can be transparent
• A much broader group can participate in the debate
• Polling can be done regularly and almost instantly
• Conversational persistence allows for asynchronous participation
• Low barrier to participation - some people can argue and write original commentary while others can organize supporting information and others can rate or comment - making participation in the conversation open to more voices and personalities

All of these qualities allow a broader group to participate in decision-making without making it exponentially more difficult.  The challenge is that it will change the equilibrium of who has power and who controls information.  Existing power structures are not likely to give in to the new model unless they feel passionately that ceding control in favor of including more voices is the right thing to do. And thus the challenge of deploying social software in organizations - regardless of how narrow the effort, it changes the balance of power which can be very exciting but also very unsettling.

Now if we could only show Congress how to more effectively include everyone in their debates....

Photo credit: Library of Congress via pingnews

Comments

[Gordon Taylor]

At Enterprise 2.0 last week, It became really clear to me how useful the 'backchannel' - inline comments and ideas published in real time from a live conference can be. Turns out you can definitely get a lot more out of an audience than just polite applause at the end.

Wow - Imagine what the twitter backchannel in congress would be like.... :)

[Rachel Happe]

Now *that* is an interesting idea...a Twitter back channel for Congress!

[John Johansen]

I mostly agree. I'm trying to lay out an argument that makes sense but I'm having trouble piecing it all together.

Here are the elements that I see causing problems with the vision you've outlined.

1. Additional voices means more fracturing of opinion even if the discussion tools are transparent

2. Authority for decisions (in business) cannot reside in the group because that diminishes accountability (you can't fire everyone).

3. Decisions made by core group, or individual, will disenfranchise some participants.

4. Those people may stop participating in official discussion channels and move politics offline.

That's a worst-case scenario that brings us back full-circle. I'd hate to state that this is a definite (or even probable) scenario but at the least it should be considered.

What do you think?

[Rachel Happe]

John - you bring up some excellent points. And I think you are right, you can't abnegate all (or even most) decision responsibility to the crowd but I think as an enterprise you can get to a structure whereby you can harness the intelligence and power of the individuals in the organization to help make better decisions - if you let them through more transparent forums.

But, I think you are right, at the end of the day there needs to be individuals who take all of that input and make the final call.

And - you are also right in that the worst case scenario would be that those who control decisions simply go around the community (in which case I would imagine much of that community would opt out...but maybe not).

I didn't mean to suggest in my post that corporations should be set up like a big committee - we do need governance/decision-making structure. But I don't think we need as much layering as we tend to have now.

Tough questions and ultimately it will depend on the culture and personalities involved of each company. Each one will likely choose a slightly different model - some staying much more rigid than others.

Personally, I am fascinated by how it plays out in different organizations.

Thanks for the great comments!

[Terry Fernandez]

Rachel,
Great post, We will see social software adoption increase as more folks like you engage in this discussion.

What we are asking for is a cultural change and any cultural change in an organization comes through a series of changes and in time. In corporations, they say a cultural change requires multiple CEO's reign's, but it all has to start somewhere. Until then, the idea has to fostered using stealth KM and constant reminders of the benefits of Social software.

What I find encouraging: A lot of our political leaders are starting to understand the power of micro blogging and similar social software tools. I see, Obama, Hillary, Mccain on twitter, so it wont be long before we see a slew of others joining the adoption bandwagon. So it is moving in this right direction.

In the mean time. Keep chugging, its the only way to get there.

Thank you for raising the awareness.

[Rachel Happe]

Thanks Terry - you are right that this is all about corporate culture and that can change very slowly. I do think that social media has the potential to connect and draw together the isolated people and business units in a large company that are interested in innovating around the way they do work - and that is powerful in its own right even if social media is not embraced whole heartedly by the entire organization.

As shifts go, social media has been a barn stormer but there is still a long way to go.

[Jeff De Cagna]

Rachel, I'm having a little bit of difficulty figuring out where you're going with this post, so let me offer three observations:

1. I can't say that I'm comfortable with the phrase "management by committee" not only because it carries so much baggage, but because I don't think of it as an accurate reflection of where we are. I would describe it more as "stewardship by community," a truly collaborative effort by groups to make wise decisions on the basis of shared purpose, principles and point of view.

2. As a consultant to non-profit membership associations, and a former staff member in those organizations, I been on every side of the committee experience. After years of doing that, I have a mantra on the subject: no more committees. I believe we can organize ourselves in more effective ways to accomplish our desired outcomes, whatever they may be, and I agree that social technologies make it easier for us to do that.

3. The most fundamental point is that we need a new mental model for what I now call "governing digitally and socially." The work of those who govern today is irrevocably altered by the affordances and implications of the Web and the social technologies it supports. I am currently working on a blog post on this topic that I will be publishing in the next few days.

[Jay Deragon]

Excellent post and ironically I just posted 5 Factors for Social Business here http://linktosocialutions.com/?p=86

[Rachel Happe]

Hi Jeff - Thanks for your comments. I'm not necessarily suggesting we bring back the term 'management by committee' but my point was that, in an era of one to one communications, committees were the best way we had to incorporate more voices. It was much less than ideal but it was the only option. Technology has completely changed that and actually made input and collaborative vetting of issues possible and much, much easier.

The term I like to use for organizations that govern collaboratively - and the title of this blog - is The Social Organization.

Jay - I like your model for thinking about this - particularly the 'entice' portion because a lot of people rush to participate but I think a bigger group is a bit hesitant so getting this engaged is critical.

[Jay Deragon]

Hey Rachel:

Good thread and thank for the feedback and your comments on my post.

Gap analysis could be conducted via a survey tool but it is probably safe to say "gaps" exist everywhere within an organization. I think the critical factors to start with are empowerment and engagement thus enabling people to do their jobs without constraints.

In my younger days when engaged in organizational assessment I found the best survey process was simply walking around talking randomly to people.

Existing customer feedback data would likely show caps within the five areas if the data is framed accordingly. One could do a sample of the customer base to identify the norms.

The primary issue is one of culture and leadership. Without adjustments to either or both one could assume a failure rate on all five factors.

In terms of enticement, the primary means is via conversations and undertanding needs and related value proposition an organization has to offer.

\As usual, enjoy the exchange and appreciate your thinking.

Clear as mud huh?

[Alan]

Hmmmm... Web Two Point Oh,
Microsoft Office etc. hmmm...
yes Xerox invented everything
including the concept of the
paperless office hmmm... still
a waste basket full of paper in my
...well I have a cube.. not an "office". Mangement by that
little paper-clip pop-up? or the
immoral equivalent in Vista?
OR...hmmmm... well maybe Hans Moravec IS right, we're all
verging on being eclipsed by
an Nvidia graphics card

[Rachel Happe]

Alan you make a fine point!

[Andrei Filmonov]

Rachel,

Social software is just a tool and will not change what "management by committee. It will only make committee bigger. However, it may be able to support an environment that encourages changes to individual behaviors and that will bring true changes. But the new paradigm has to come first not the tool.